Trepang and scallop

Mariculture (Latin: marinus, maritime), marine aquaculture is the cultivation, breeding, cultivation of useful algae, molluscs, fish and other organisms in the sea, lagoons, estuaries or under artificial conditions. Mariculture is an important part of the fisheries industry in many countries and its share in the economy is steadily increasing. The main difference between mariculture and fishery is that breeding and commercial cultivation of seaweeds, invertebrates, fish is carried out under controlled conditions, including relocation and acclimatization, biological amelioration, changing environmental parameters to create favourable conditions for the cultivated organisms. The main targets of mariculture in the waters of the northern part of the Sea of Japan are mussels, oysters, scallops, trepang, shrimps, algae (kelp, anfeltia etc.), fish (salmonids, sturgeons). The objectives of mariculture may be different. It may be the restoration and increase of the number and biomass of aquatic bioresources, or the cultivation of animals and algae for commercial purposes - as food, or the cultivation of hydrobionts for sanitary purposes - cleaning the water area from harmful impurities.