Treatise In Agronomy

Conventional agriculture causes environmental damage as a result of the intensive use of agrochemicals and intensive agricultural mechanization. Conventional production management tends to exhaust natural resources, with biological, physical and chemical degradation of soils. On the other hand, the conservation agriculture is the most important alternative for the preservation of natural resources, creating systems of conservation production, described in the literature as agroecosystem. Despite of the agricultural technological advances, the climate is still the most important variable in crops production. The most significant natural variables in the production process come from the climate. Climate and the meteorological conditions are responsible for 80 % of the variability of crop production. Rainfall are the most important element and the most significant meteorological attribute in tropical and subtropical areas, where its variable distribution and occurrences of extreme periods between droughts and precipitations influence human activities, such as agriculture.