Three Major Neurosciences

Neurosciences are the sciences of the brain. They are concerned with describing and explaining the complex structures and intricate functioning specifically of the Neocortex (human brain), Limbic System and Spinal Cord. Psycholinguistics, an intersecting discipline, describes and explains how the healthy brain handles language, which areas are activated in the production and comprehension of linguistic messages. Neurolinguistics, on the other hand, describes and explains which and why, in a diseased brain, some linguistic functions are no longer activated and which areas are neutralized. Finally, Psycholinguistics deals with the functions of language in a brain (basically neocortex and limbic system) under normal conditions, and Neurolinguistics allows us to know the linguistic dysfunctions that occur in a brain under pathological conditions. On the other hand, Sociolinguistics describes and explains the functions of language in relation to society. It establishes how language varies according to social canons and how society is permeated in the behavior of individuals by the influences of language.