Systemiatic study of two genera Scandix L. And SMyrnium L.

This research was carried out for both Genera (Scandix L. and Smyrnium L.)and their species of the family (Apiaceae) in Iraqi Kurdistan region which include survey for the species in geographical districts (MAM),(MRO),(MSU),(FAR),(FNI),(FKI) and (FPF) districts,the field trips have been made, large number of samples were collected and geographical regions were fixed for each species. Reidentification was accomplished for all specimens that are preserved in a number of Iraqi herbaria. General morphological character starting from root up to the flowering and fruiting parts, in addition to the pollen grain characters. Anatomical study of stems and leaves for all species were investigated. In chemical study a number of phenolic compounds include ( Phenolic acids and flavonoids) were identified. The ecology and geographical distribution of the species have been studied, new locations were recorded for species and maps were designed for this purpose. Finally species of both genera (Scandix and Smyrnium) have been treated taxonomically and key was prepared.