Sugar-based Surfactants With Amide Linkage

First part deals with the synthesis and characterization of new sugar amide based surfactants from renewable materials via Staudinger reaction. The starting materials are carbohydrates and fatty acid with a total chain length of C8 -C16. Target applications of the surfactants focus on the stabilization or emulsions, in particular water-in-oil emulsions. Second part deals with physical and chemical properties of the synthesized surfactants, especially with respect to phase and assembly behaviour, focusing on potential applications as emulsifying agents. Three series of surfactant were synthesized from various starting materials, i.e. methyl glucoside as well as glucose and lactose based diazides. The synthetic scheme including protection, activation, functionalization, Staudinger based coupling with fatty acids and finally deprotection of the surfactants. The characterization, used NMR, IR, combustion analysis as well as mass spectroscopy. Properties were studied by OPM, DSC and surface tension measurements. Lyotropic phases were investigated by contact penetration with water and oil under the OPM, while surface tension measurements used the DuNouy ring approach.