Study of histological changes in placenta of anemic mothers

Anaemia in female during pregnancy is very common, it affects maternal blood, leading to hypoxia, which cause changes in structure of Placenta. Aanemia also exert profound changes on the maternal circulatory system and has serious effects both on mother and fetus. Growth of the fetus is intricately linked with that of placenta, because of transfer of nutrients and oxygen through placenta. Microscopic study revealed histomorphological abnormalities due to hypoxia comprise of some changes in structure of placenta like increased capillaries per villous, thickening of capillary basement membrane and trophoblastic basement membrane, thickening of of syncytiotrophoblast, increased fibrosis and syncytial knot and appearance of vasculosyncytial membrane. All these changes occurred for maintaining sufficient efficiency of placenta due to compensatory phenomena, for fulfill demand of oxygen in the fetus.