State, Catholic Church and the elite

This research aims to study through different sources the first signs of the social policies of childhood in the second half of the nineteenth century in Chile. For this, the role of the State, the Catholic Church and the elite, specifically the women of that group or class, will be analyzed, understanding the prevailing patriarchal context of the time. The approach by which this research is sustained is of a historical-critical nature having as a complement disciplines such as philosophy, from the Foulcolian look of biopolitics, supported by the eugenic policies coming from Europe and part of South America, not to mention the ecclesiastical theory coming from the encyclical rerum novarum, which served as theoretical support to the ruling classes of the time. This historical-sociological analysis is sustained under the Braudelian approach of history, since it confronts the socio-political context of the second half of the XIX Century with the new conceptualizations of social policies of the XX Century.Leonardo Acuña Montealegre, is a professor of Basic Education and Licentiate in Education of the Andrés Bello University - Santiago de Chile. Also