Seasonal Variation of Birds Case Study: Khartoum State Waste Water

The sewage treatment plants in Khartoum State are important sites for bird diversity and centre for many African migrants which spend the summer and the autumn in the northern part of their range. They return south to central and southern Africa during October after the breeding season. The impact of the waste water treatment plants on the environment of Khartoum State has not been thoroughly investigated. Information about the avifauna of the waste water treatment ponds in Khartoum State is confined to the irregular censuses conducted by national NGOs. This study aims to identify and provide basic information about bird species that frequently live in these important and unique types of habitats.