Return migration from Maghreb and the Balkans: the Spanish experience

The manuscript contains part of the research of my PhD thesis, dedicated to the migration processes in Morocco and Bulgaria, by focusing to their relation to the Spanish and European economic crisis. After analyzing the migration panorama in both countries, the discussion is focused on Return (Cyclic) migrations and how these phenomena affect the Spanish society and economy as well as the countries of origin. The comparative study of both countries is performed in terms of amount of remittances, governmental plans for return migration as well as future trends and perspectives, among many others. The results of specific investigations are discussed in the case of two border regions: the Bulgarian-Serbian and the Bulgarian-Turkish ones, both being external borders of the European Union. General discussions of the European migration phenomena and related policies are also presented.