Rethinking higher education in the age of artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming various sectors, including higher education, by offering intelligent tools, personalized learning platforms and automated assessment systems. This literature review explores the growing impact of AI on universities' pedagogical and administrative practices, as well as the strategies needed for ethical integration, in line with international guidelines such as those of UNESCO. AI enhances learning by personalizing student pathways, optimizes administrative tasks and supports teachers in classroom management. However, challenges remain, such as the loss of human interaction, increased reliance on technology and the risks of academic dishonesty. AI integration also faces obstacles: resistance to change, the need for appropriate digital infrastructures and managing ethical issues related to student data. This study highlights the need for a balanced approach to the responsible and ethical adoption of AI in higher education.