Removal of Pollutants from the Wastewater by Composite Nanofibers

Wastewater may be defined as a combination of liquid or water-carried waste removed from residences, institutions, and commercial and industrial establishments, together with ground water, surface water and storms. Water is essential for human survival and well-being, so ensuring adequate water resources is critical. However, it has been recorded that more than 80 countries around the world are experiencing extreme water shortages, with approximately 25% of the population lacking adequate access to fresh water in sufficient quantity and quality. Owing to population growth, rapid industrialization, and long-term droughts, the spread of a wide variety of pollutants in surface water and groundwater has become a critical problem worldwide. Controlling the harmful effects of pollution and improving human living conditions are thus important. Heavy metals, inorganic chemicals, organic contaminants, and a variety of other complex compounds persist in wastewater.