Removal of Pb using waste Rubiaceae, genus Coffea Plant Leaves

In recent decades, industrial progress has brought in material prosperity and comfortable living at a pace unparalleled in the growth of human civilization. But the same pace of industrial growth had led to ecological imbalances, severe pollution of water, land and air. Nature has got its own prevention and control mechanisms to save itself from deterioration and extinction. Nevertheless, our ecosystem has been significantly contaminated by discharging untreated solid, liquid and gaseous effluents having different characteristics, that cause have serious health hazards. Also, environmental pollution is directly proportional to the population, per capita consumption of industrial goods and pollutants per unit industrial production. Lead comes into water through the combustion of fossil fuels and the smelting of sulfide ore, and into lakes and streams by acid mine drainage. Process industries such as battery manufacturing and metal plating and finishing are also prime source of lead pollution. Lead accumulates mainly in bones, brain, kidney and muscles and may cause many serious disorders like anemia, kidney diseases, nervous disorders and sickness even death.