Recent advancements in rotary endodontic instruments

New endodontic files for root canal instrumentations are continuously added to the armamentarium, and older systems are updated First-generation NiTi rotary files relied much on the super elasticity of the metal, while in instrument design the emphasis was on maximized safety (e.g. radial lands) rather than cutting effectiveness. Since then the focus has shifted to new manufacturing processes (thermomechanical treatment and R-phase) and different unique features such as a variable cross- section along the length of the active portion of the file. Many variables and physical properties influence the clinical performance of NiTi instruments. Ultimately, clinical experience, handling properties, safety, and case outcomes will decide the fate of a particular design. In the future, new instruments should fulfill the three sacred tenets for shaping canals: safety, effectiveness, and simplicity. Research will be needed to validate the performance and benefits of each new system tothearmamentarium, and older systems are updated First-generation NiTi rotary files relied much on the superelasticity of the metal, while in instrument design the emphasis was on maximized safety.