Private equity

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 96. Chapters: High-yield debt, Startup company, Corporate raid, Leveraged buyout, History of private equity and venture capital, Private equity in the 2000s, Private equity in the 1980s, Early history of private equity, Private equity secondary market, Private equity in the 1990s, List of private equity firms, Special-purpose acquisition company, Private money investing, Private equity fund, Publicly traded private equity, Taxation of private equity and hedge funds, Angel investor, Management buyout, Labour Sponsored Venture Capital Corporation, Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, Super angel, Carried interest, Mezzanine capital, Private investment in public equity, Club deal, Venture Capital Trust, Private equity real estate, Private Equity Growth Capital Council, World Business Angels Association, Cov-lite, Post-money valuation, Leveraged recapitalization, Boyd Model, Institutional Limited Partners Association, Search fund, Collateralized fund obligation, Robin Hood Ventures, Private placement agent, Financial sponsor, Entrepreneur In Residence, Management fee, Pre-money valuation, Equity co-investment, Business Development Company, Highly confident letter, Fund derivative, P2P Financial, IDFC Project Equity, Rollup, Corporate synergy, Divisional buyout, Earnout, Pledge fund, National Venture Capital Association, Startupers. Excerpt: The history of private equity and venture capital and the development of these asset classes has occurred through a series of boom and bust cycles since the middle of the 20th century. Within the broader private equity industry, two distinct sub-industries, leveraged buyouts and venture capital experienced growth along parallel, although interrelated tracks. Since the origins of the modern private equity industry in 1946, there have been four major epochs marked by three boom and bust cycles. The early history of private equity-from 1946 through 1981-was characterized by relatively small volumes of private equity investment, rudimentary firm organizations and limited awareness of and familiarity with the private equity industry. The first boom and bust cycle, from 1982 through 1993, was characterized by the dramatic surge in leveraged buyout activity financed by junk bonds and culminating in the massive buyout of RJR Nabisco before the near collapse of the leveraged buyout industry in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The second boom and bust cycle (from 1992 through 2002) emerged out of the ashes of the savings and loan crisis, the insider trading scandals, the real estate market collapse and the recession of the early 1990s. This period saw the emergence of more institutionalized private equity firms, ultimately culminating in the massive Dot-com bubble in 1999 and 2000. The third boom and bust cycle (from 2003 through 2007) came in the wake of the collapse of the Dot-com bubble-leveraged buyouts reach unparalleled size and the institutionalization of private equity firms is exemplified by the Blackstone Group's 2007 initial public offering. In its early years through roughly the year 2000, the history of the private equity and venture capital asset classes is best described through a narrative of developments in the United States as private equity in Europe consistently lagged behind the North American industry. With the second private equity boom in the mid-1990s