Primary resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in Mali

Tuberculosis is a chronic, contagious infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, and represents a major public health problem. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2019, 10 million people contracted tuberculosis and 1.4 million died from it. It is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide, and the leading cause of death due to a single infectious agent. One of the main factors fuelling the TB epidemic is the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains of MTB.In 2020, Mali, a large country with limited resources, recorded 6,922 incident cases of tuberculosis, including 22 MDR-TB patients, for an incidence of 53 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. WHO estimates that around 1% of new TB patients and 14% of previously treated patients in Mali have MDR-TB.In view of all these factors, the aim of this thesis is to study the susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to anti-tuberculosis drugs in people who have never undergone anti-tuberculosis treatment.