Modeling of forming technologies based on SPD processes

Properties of nowadays commercially used materials are defined above all by a process of their manufacture. Conventional structural materials exhibit, aside from other features, specific usable properties ensuing from their structural arrangement. One of the parameters according to which existing materials can be generally enhanced is also a grain size defining a particular structure. Ultra-fine grained metal materials exhibit very high strength and also plastic properties. As it was already mentioned one of possibilities of their manufacture is processing of cast metal materials using plastic deformation. Methods enabling to perform the above mentioned grain refinement is designated as severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods, i.e. the methods based on application of high plastic deformations. Now the original SPD methods continue to be developed in new directions. For this purpose numerical modelling is used.