Microelements of oils in the environment

This monograph presents basic facts about trace elements in the composition of oils, hydrocarbon gases and the formation water of oil field. Distribution of trace elements between components and fractions allows to track «the life cycle» of trace elements of oils from production, oil transportation and their processing. Shows the final consumption of petroleum products. This monograph shows sources and pathways of trace elements of oils in the environment, ecological and toxicological characteristics of trace elements. Special attention paid to the study of composition and properties of oil wastes from various oil companies and provides assessment of their toxicity and hazard class. Other issues touched upon are the problem of environmental pollution by radionuclides, which are contained in the composition of oils and formation waters. This monograph is intended for scientists and specialists of oil and gas industry and ecologists. It can be recommended as an educational book for the students and postgraduates, who major in the corresponding subjects.