Malarial and Hepatitis Viral Infections

Malaria is a mosquito borne disease in humans and animal and it is caused by parasitic protozoans of the genus Plasmodium with species falciparum and vivax.The mosquitoes which act as vector for this disease are female Anopheles funestus, Anopheles moucheti, Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles arabiensis. In Africa, Anopheles gambiae is the primary species that readily enters human dwellings. Nigeria, with an estimated 68 million cases and 194,000 deaths due to the disease in 2021, has the highest burden of malaria globally, accounting for nearly 27% of the global malaria burden. Hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver, which can impair its function. Viral hepatitis remains a major global public health threat in Africa. Africa has a high burden of new hepatitis C infections estimated at 172,000 new infections each year. Nigeria has a prevalence rate of 8.1% and 1.1% for HBV and HCV among adult aged 15-64 years respectively according to the Nigeria HIV-AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey, 2018(NAIIS, 2018).