Lexicographic development of toponyms in English dictionaries

Currently, scientific research is more actively, dynamically and fruitfully formed at the junction of various branches of knowledge. This is also toponymy - the science of geographical names. As a field of knowledge, it has been actively formed for a long time, but the interest in it from both scientists and ordinary people is not decreasing, but is constantly increasing. In this regard, the actuality of this article is determined by the interest in the history of the development of toponyms in the light of the interaction of languages and cultures. The work reflects not only the history of the formation of names of geographical objects, but also the actual processes of transformation of the meanings of toponyms in English culture. The object of research in this work is the English-language and foreign toponyms presented in modern dictionaries of the English language; the subject of this study is the lexicographic development of toponyms in dictionaries of the English language. The aim of the work is an attempt to study and analyze geographical names in toponymic layers to identify the national and cultural specifics of English toponyms.