Juniperus communis, Hedychium spicatum and Valeriana jatamansi from India

Juniperus communis, Hedychium spicatum and Valeriana jatamansi are important medicinal and aromatic plants from north-wester Himalayas India. The essential oils (EOs) composition, isolation of new molecules and biological activities (cytotoxic and antibacterial) were carried out on targeted plants. HDA application will enhance the net return of EOs of V. jatamansi (425.54 to 459.59 USD/kg), H. spicatum (69.07 to 77.71 USD/Kg) and J. communis (96.26 to 101.74 USD/Kg), respectively, compared to NC (normal Clevenger apparatus). The results showed that HDA method is economically more suitable as compared to NC method. Moreover, Three new compounds namely Valerialloside A, Valerianoside A, Rupesin F and one stereochemically revised structure of Rupesin E along with several known molecules were isolated from the targeted plants. Semi-synthetic modification utilizing new methadology on hedychenone provides new thio containing analogues. In the present effort, we had given detailed NMR etc spectra along with interpretation methods which are useful for the researchers working on these plants.