Isolated single coronary artery

Coronary artery anomalies are variations of the coronary circulation, characterized by abnormal origin or course of any of the epicardial coronary arteries and occur in 0.3¿0.9% of the cases without structural heart defects and in 3¿6% of those with congenital heart defects. In the coronary anomaly cohort, the predominant symptom was chest pain in 81.9% of patients and other symptoms include shortness of breath and syncope. Cardiac arrest may be the first clinical presentation and several varieties are identified, with a different potential to cause sudden cardiac death. Although congenital coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) are relatively uncommon, they are the second most common cause of sudden cardiac death among young athletes. Based on the functional relevance of each abnormality, coronary artery anomalies can be classified as anomalies with obligatory ischemia, without ischemia or with exceptional ischemia.