Integrative Dynamics in the face of geopolitical change

1960 marked a decisive stage in the formerly colonized territories of Africa. It was the year of grouped independence for several of Africa's "new states". Sixty-two years later, it's time to take stock of what these African countries have achieved, and to analyze the endogenous and exogenous factors that are holding Africa back in its continental integration process. This collective work is an epistemic exegesis on the question of Africa's regional integration and its march towards the formation of the United States of Africa. Through the construction of infrastructures and federating projects, the continent's leaders have been striving to achieve the objectives bequeathed to them by the founding fathers. Despite this awareness of the project to create a federation of integrated states, there is still a long way to go. To achieve this, all the peoples of Africa must therefore join forces to make the Pan-Africanist ideology of the sons and daughters of the interior and the diaspora, who have sacrificed so much to achieve this ultimate leitmotiv, pragmatic.