Integration of Geophysical Methods with Hydrogeological Techniques

This book is written on the basis of a research conducted in the case study where salinization has threatened the water resource system. Detailed information about the geology of the area is hereby summarized to enable researchers choose similar cases where the application of this work is relevant. The study area is underlain by sediments of Asu River Group of Albian age, comprising mainly shales with clay/siltstone intercalations and a consolidated sandstone ridge that aligns along east-west trend. The sandstones prograde into a part of shale belonging to Ezeaku Group of Turonian age in the northwest portion of the area. Dip orientation of these sediments is not consistent but dominantly between northwest and southeast, with a common NE-SW strike direction, thereby producing series of synclines and anticlines parallel to the strike axis. Hydrogeologically, the sediments range from aquicludes (shales and sandstone ridge), to aquitards (clay and siltstone), all of which are low permeable units that inhibit groundwater occurrences. However, aquifers are created where the sediments are fractured and weathered.