Innovation systems and sustainable competitiveness

This book aims to contribute to the strengthening of technological innovation policies to improve the sustainable competitiveness of African countries. To do this, the method of generalized moments in autoregressive vector panel systems followed by the generation of causal relationships, and the method of estimating generalized equations were mobilized for the empirical analyses. These analyzes cover the period 2007-2016 and take into account 37 African countries. The results show on the one hand, positive effects of the societal and openness systems, respectively on the manufacturing value added per capita and on the industrial competitive performance index against a negative effect of the political system. He also highlights three types of co-evolution relationships with the growth rate of GDP/capita for the triple helix and quadruple helix innovation systems; four relations for the quintuple helix system and finally, five coevolution relations for the open quintuple helix system.