Holistic Approach of Complex Adaptive Systems

The economy, defined as a set of economic activities, can be described as a network, having as links companies, banks, public entities, educational institutions, non-governmental organizations, etc. The nodes formed by all these units are connected by the relationships formed and the transactions between them, forming a complex adaptive network. A complete estimate of the effects of cybernetics and control systems engineering on the economy would be premature, if not impossible, at this time. The explosive development of human society in relation to the limited nature of the resources available to mankind has led to the successful application of mathematical models in the process of making optimal decisions to use available resources. However, whether we are analyzing an economic, political, medical or educational system, cybernetics as an interdisciplinary science plays a fundamental role in understanding the behavior of these systems and in their analysis.