Gas Flare Stacks

Gas flaring is a combustion device to burn associated, unwanted or excess gases and liquids released during normal or unplanned over-pressuring operation in many industrial processes, such as oil-gas extraction, refineries, chemical plants, coal industry and landfills. This paper provides an overview of the gas flaring in industry, concentrated on its composition, relevant environmental and health impacts, process conditions, preferable ignition systems, cost factors of flares (such as height, diameter, flame length, horizontal distance to nearest tower, wind velocity, gas temperature, civil and erection costs). Also, the effect of wind velocity, gas temperature, flare height, gas Mach number, on the process and equipment design specifications are studied with the connection of inspection and maintenance to ensure worker and process safety.