Flood Frequency Analysis of Kumaon Region Rivers

Flood is the one which causes the natural disasters in India all most every year. It is commonly considered to be an unusually high stage of a river. It occurs generally during June to October. Generation of flood may be the random coincidence of several meteorological factors, and interventions of human in river catchments. For a river in its natural state, occurrence of a flood usually fills up the stream up to its banks and often spills over to the adjoining flood plains. Hydraulic structure planned within the river (like a dam or a barrage) or on an adjoining area (like flood control embankments), due consideration should be given to the design of the structure so as to prevent it from collapsing and causing further damage by the force of water released from behind the structure. Hence an estimate of extreme flood flow is required for the design of hydraulic structures, though the magnitude of such flood may be estimated in accordance with the importance of the structure. For example, the design flood of a large dam like the Tehri or the Hirakud would be estimated to be more, than a medium sized dam like Chamera.