Energy Efficient MIMO Routing Algorithm for WSN

Wireless sensor network are a particular type of ad hoc network, which comprise of hundreds to thousands of miniaturized sensor nodes employed in a wide range of data gathering applications. Each sensor node is small, lightweight and portable with a communication infrastructure intended to track, monitor and record conditions at diverse locations. These limited energy nodes are designed to be deployed randomly in hostile environment and hence recharging of large number of nodes is practically not feasible. Therefore, a major domain of interest in their design is the power management. Channel fading, interference and radio irregularity create a big challenge in the design of energy efficient communication and to route the data in wireless network. To mitigate the fading effects in wireless channel, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) scheme is utilised for sensor network. Applying multiple antenna technique directly to sensor network is impractical because of the limited size of sensor nodes. Hence cooperative transmission and reception from antennas in a group of sensor nodes can be used to construct a system fundamentally equivalent to a MIMO system for WSN.