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The adaptation of Azospirillum to various environmental conditions by alternative triggering mechanisms of collective spreading in semi-liquid media (swarming or collective migration with the formation of microcolonies) can significantly increase the adaptive resource of these bacteria. Therefore, the search for bacterial surface components involved in determining the mode of collective behavior of Azospirillum in media serving as a prototype of the space surrounding the plant root deserves attention. In general, the identification of surface polymers necessary for the realization of one or another type of social mobility of associative bacteria, primarily in the root zone of plants, seems to be a very topical problem, the solution of which can contribute to the development of modern agrobacterial technologies. At the same time, the development of immunochemical approaches, allowing to evaluate the role of bacterial surface components in the implementation of various processes involving bacteria, is an independent and relevant methodological aspect of research.