Ecology and Management of Wetland Ecosystem

This Work is based on a PhD thesis completed in the field of Ecology, Protected Areas, and Biodiversity conservation in Egypt. The present study described the main vegetation community for one of the most important protected areas of Egypt, Wadi El-Rayan, which dominated by Phragmites australis and figured out the seasonal productivity represented in phytomass (kg aerial dry weight/m2) of wetland vegetation. Statistical Multivariate Analysis was introduced for the waterward vegetation (WW) and landward vegetation (LW) of the wetland areas, which clarified the different levels of productivity for each. The Single effect of fire and the combined effect of both fire and grazing in the study area were realized in terms of the rate of phytomass accumulation. The environmental management section of this study listed the main values of Wadi El-Rayan Protected Area and their affecting threats according to the latest management effectiveness evaluation with proposed amendments to WRPA management plan.