COST OVERRUN DUE TO DESIGN CHANGE

The purpose of this book is to analyze the changes in road profile initiated due to the lower gate level of the existing roadside villas, which leads the variation in hard rock cutting and backfilling in the mountain area impact the construction cost and time of the project. In the results can cause delays in road completion that are not due to the fault of the contractor or the client, but rather due to the late start of the project and changes in the local community urban planning design. This design change impacted the project budget and could not be accommodated in the allocated budget without other changes to the specific design to complete the allocated time and budget without affecting the quality of work or the as well as the catchment area of the valleys between mountains for the stormwater drainage channel along the road edge, existing gas line crossings and diversion, necessary culvert works, road signals and related other road equipment according to the requirements.