Constructed Wetlands for Hydrocarbon Removal

Exploration, production, refining, storage, transportation, distribution and utilization of petroleum hydrocarbons have brought about frequent occurrences of water and soil contamination with hydrocarbon. The pollution of the environment increases as petroleum hydrocarbon inevitably continues to be used as the principle source of energy. This book is the product of rigorous research and professional application of civil, chemical, environmental, oil and gas engineering to water, wastewater, petroleum, industrial and municipal pressing problems that often confronts humanity and the environment. The book explained broad natural and constructed wetlands fundamental but focuses on the design, operation, management and treatment performance of hybrid constructed wetlands as a simple, low cost alternative to challenging wastewater or pollution problems such as oil spills, refinery and industrial effluents. The book covers industrial wastewater treatment and environmental engineering principles and applications for the interests of engineers, environmentalists, scientists, academics, researchers, students, governmental, non-governmental organizations, consultants and other professionals.