Colony Collapse Disorder of Honey Bees

Honey bees are the most economically valuable pollinators of agricultural and horticultural crops worldwide. More than 80 per cent of agricultural crops in the world are being pollinated by the honey bees and it contributes 35 per cent of the global food production. Hence, they are vital for economic, sustainable agriculture and food security. In fall 2006 and spring 2007, many beekeepers of the United States encountered hives without adult bees but with abandoned food and brood. The exact cause of CCD syndrome is not known, but CCD is impact of traditional honey bee diseases caused by the varroa mite, Varroa destructor and other parasites, excessive pesticides consumption in agricultural production, genetically modified organisms, electromagnetic radiations, poor honey bee nutrition and monoculture of crops, so that the bees as a bio-indicator reflect current state of environment in the world. The Potential disappearances of honey bees were caused economic damages and where the consequences do not consider just monetary loss, but it has an impact on agro-food safety of the world population.