Antimicrobial Benefits of Neem Tree

The neem (Azadirachta indica A Juss) tree has aroused considerable interest due to the numerous biologically active compounds recorded in its tissues including the seeds. Extracts from the tree are known for their medicinal properties and their effects on insects, molluscs, fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and protozoa. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different neem (Azadirachta indica) and chinaberry (Melia azedarach) leaf extracts (aqueous, organic) on the growth of eight selected pathogenic fungi on solid media. Identification of active components of neem leaf organic extract using HPLC and NMR was applied for the main compound of the organic extract (nimonol or nimocinol). Finally, aqueous or organic extract of neem leaves can be used for controlling some human pathogenic fungi as (Candida albicans and Microsporum gypseum). Also, reduction of plant pathogenic fungi as (Alternaria solani and Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agents of early blight and will diseases of tomato plant) were emphasized by irrigation and/or spraying in the field.