Agro Climatic Analysis Using Water Balance

Water balance is one of the techniques in modern climatic and hydrological studies, in which the climatic elements such as solar radiation, temperature and rainfall are used to evaluate various hydrological elements namely water need, water supply, soil moisture storage, water surplus and water deficit of a region. These water balance elements enable to evaluate a proper agricultural planning of that area. In addition, water balance is a single tool with multiple applications which helps in assessing normal climate of a particular region and its stability, identification of extreme wet and dry years, identification of drought years based on their intensity, duration and spatial spread and assessment of crop suitability of the region. Water balance is a useful tool for the preparation of crop calendar of a particular region and suggestive changes in cropping pattern based on the existing moisture status conditions.