Urban micro-climates and environmental problems in Kakinada

The environment is a collective term for the entity of abiotic and biotic factors among which organisms live with which they are connected. The equilibrium of living organisms within environmental conditions is the result of a long evolution. Certain species occur only under particular environmental conditions, are not able to tolerate environmental changes, or only able to do so to a limited extent. However, species with wide ecological amplitude can exist under various ecological conditions and are capable of enduring greater changes in environmental conditions (Kovacs, 1985). Hence, change in the environment creates disastrous effects in the ecosystem on which the entire human life is dependent.Several studies indicated that changes in atmospheric environmental conditions are mostly due to industrialization and urbanization. These twin processes are responsible for the increasing quantity of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The effect of greenhouse gases is similar to that of a greenhouse which traps the re-radiation. Hence, more and more of the re-radiation will be trapped, thereby leading to an increase in atmospheric temperature.