Russian and Soviet military radars

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 37. Chapters: Armavir Radar Station, Balkhash Radar Station, Bars radar, Daryal radar, Dnestr radar, Don-2N radar, Duga-1 and Duga-2, Duga-3 (eastern) receiver, Duga-3 (eastern) transmitter, Duga-3 (western) receiver, Duga-3 (western) transmitter, Dunay radar, Fan Song, Gabala Radar Station, Hantsavichy Radar Station, Irbis-E, Kasta 2E, Lekhtusi Radar Station, Mishelevka Radar Station, Mukachevo Radar Station, Myech radar, Olenegorsk Radar Station, P-10 radar, P-12 radar, P-14 radar, P-15 radar, P-18 radar, P-19 radar, P-20 radar, P-30 radar, P-35 radar, P-3 radar, P-40 radar, P-70 radar, P-8 radar, Pechora Radar Station, Pionersky Radar Station, Russian Woodpecker, Sevastopol Radar Station, Skrunda-1, Voronezh radar, Yeniseysk-15, Zaslon radar, Zhuk radar. Excerpt: Dnestr radar (Russian: ) and Dnepr radar (Russian: ) (NATO: Hen House) are the first generation of Soviet space surveillance and early warning radar. They are phased array radar systems designed to give early warning of attack from ballistic missiles. The network consisted of a number of radars on the periphery of the Soviet Union to cover attacks from different directions and were intended to be replaced by Daryal radars. Only two of the planned Daryal radars became operational, due to issues such as the dissolution of the Soviet Union. In common with other Soviet and Russian early warning radars they are named after rivers, the Dnestr and the Dnepr. As of 2012, the Russian early warning network still consists of some radars of this vintage. It is likely that all the existing radars will be replaced by the third generation Voronezh radars by 2020. The Dnestr radar came from work on ballistic missile defence undertaken in the late 1950s and early 1960s. System A, the prototype for the A-35 anti-ballistic missile system, was set up in the Sary Shagan testing grounds, in the Kazakh SSR. Work on the system was led by design bureau KB-1 which proposed using VHF radar RTN (Russian: ) and the Dunay-2 UHF radar. Other alternatives were sought from Soviet industry and RTI proposed using VHF radar TsSO-P (Russian: ) and UHF radar TsSS-30 (Russian: ). TsSO-P (standing for Russian: meaning central detection station ¿ test site) was selected for further development, together with the Dunay-2. TsSO-P had a long horn antenna 250 metres (820 ft) long and 15 metres (49 ft) high. It had an array with an open ribbed structure and used 200 millisecond pulses. Hardware methods were designed for signal processing as the intended M-4 computer could not run the radar. It was built at area 8 in Sary Shagan and was located at . It first detected an object on 17 September 1961. TsSO-P took part in the 1961 and 1962 Operation K tests at Sary Shagan to examine the effects of nuclear explosions