Niosomal Gel Containing Itraconazole

Itraconazole is a triazole and exerts its fungi static effect by inducing ergosterol deficiency. It possesses a broad spectrum of activity against fungi, including Aspergillus and Dermatophytes. It wasn¿t approved by FDA for any indication in children. However, a few studies have shown itraconazole is efficacious as terbinafine and griseofulvin in children with tinea capitis. It is contraindicated in patients with congestive heart failure. This antifungal agent works by altering the cellular membranes of fungi, increasing membrane permeability, and allowing cellular content leakage and impaired uptake of pertinent extracellular components. It is available in several dosage forms from manufacturers as tablets, capsules, solutions, injections, and patches. Along with broad spectrum activity, it¿s reported adverse effects such as Nausea, diarrhea, edema, hypertension, chest pain, Head-ache, fever, dizziness, rash, pruritus, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypokalemia.