Multiphysics simulation of electroslag remelting process

Electroslag remelting (ESR) is a secondary metallurgical process aiming at further purification after completion of the primary extraction and refining operations. The process is a method of refining a consumable metal electrode through a molten slag that is electrically heated. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a very powerful technique that enables us to attain deeper knowledge of the ESR process. That is of key importance for improving the technology, minimizing failure rate, and increasing productivity. Here, the main content is a combination of nine scientific articles. In addition, a comprehensive review of the mathematical models developed over past decades is given. Experiments, especially those used to verify the numerical models, are also reviewed. The main goal of this work is to achieve fundamental understanding of the flow, temperature, and magnetic fields in the whole process of the electroslag remelting (ESR) as well as solidification of the ingot through mathematical modeling and simulation.