Impact of the environment on sports performance and health

Performing in a hot environment is a major challenge for top athletes, especially during the Summer Olympics. For several decades, scientists have been trying to find innovative solutions. Among the proposed answers, we distinguish today the body cooling before or after the effort (the pre and post-cooling, respectively), which would minimize the risks of hyperthermia and improve the recovery of the athlete. However, the methods of use of these methods and their effectiveness are the subject of conclusions that are contradictory, to say the least, due to the cooling techniques used (immersion cooling, thermoregulating clothing, misting, etc.), the duration of application, the type of exercise performed and the environmental conditions explored.