General ecology tutorials

This General Ecology tutorial handout is presented in seven main parts (TDs), each sufficiently illustrated to facilitate comprehension. The first tutorial covers some fundamental ecological concepts. The second TD introduces the notion of minimum area, with a description of the main sampling techniques and methods used in the animal kingdom. The third TD deals with applied biocenotics, covering several ecological parameters of populations and stands (density, relative abundance (frequency), constancy and the different types of spatial dispersal of species). The fourth TD is devoted to the study of cohabitation between species, as well as a number of comparative ecological indices (Sørensen's index, Jaccard's index (or coefficient), Odum's index, etc.) used to establish the degree of association between two species. Finally, the fifth TD deals with all the relationships that may exist between different species, which can be summed up as biotic factors / intra- and interspecific relationships.