Electro-acoustic waves in presence of polarization force

The linear (nonlinear) propagation of the dust-acoustic waves in a nonuniform (two-ion-temperature) dusty plasma has been rigorously investigated. The linear part is aimed to examine the effects of dust density nonuniformity and the polarization force (PF), consists of electrons, ions and inertial arbitrarily charged dust whereas nonlinear part is concerned with solitary waves and double layers with two-ion-temperature plasma. Comprehensive and up-to-date theme of PF inherits from nonuniformity, would substantially assist anyone to gain a thorough knowledge including its mountingly consequential roles in linear wave dynamics. Nonlinear Gardner solitons exist around the critical value. The emphasis of PF is laid more on the fundamental principles as well as its implications, contemporary applications, from recent reviews than on minute details. Our present survey relevant to the electrostatic linear-nonlinear structures observed in cosmic and laboratory plasmas, is of utmost importance.