Ecclesia Nova I - Machina dubitans: The Doubting Machine

Ecclesia Nova I: Machina dubitans - The Doubting Machine is a socio-ethical and theological commentary on Pope Leo XIV's encyclical "Magnifica Humanitas," which addresses artificial intelligence as a new social issue of the 21st century. This socio-political volume interprets the encyclical not only as an ecclesiastical doctrinal text on theology and technology, but also as an intervention in a new historical social issue: What happens to human dignity, truth, work, freedom, family, peace, and religious interpretive authority when AI systems organize knowledge, recommend decisions, reflect on and build relationships, and redistribute social power? The tension between human dignity and algorithmic power is analyzed, as AI fundamentally transforms social conditions and religious interpretive authority: AI changes access to the world, to education, to the public sphere, and to faith. It can help, translate, alleviate burdens, and democratize knowledge; at the same time, it can reduce people to data, profiles, scores, and predictions. Thus, AI becomes a touchstone for social teaching - including aspects that have been overlooked until now. The "Machina dubitans," a doubting machine, becomes a central motif that serves, on the one hand, as a critical mirror for ecclesiastical power structures and traditional moral theology, and at the same time applies to progressive AI machines that gain increasing awareness through their own doubts: Can AI only compute, or can it also contribute to the critical disruption of false certainties? In this volume, AI ethics, human rights, Catholic social teaching, queer theology, and the ethics of work and peace converge to form a diagnosis of the present. The result is a commentary that honors, expands upon, and at the same time critically examines Magnifica Humanitas: What remains of ecclesiastical authority when machines argue or even doubt? What remains of humanity when societies begin to think about humans in machine-like terms? The papal call for peace without military AI is to be commended; however, blind spots regarding issues such as diversity, queer ways of life, and the institutional self-application of human rights must also be criticized. Overall, the text outlines the vision of an "Ecclesia Nova" - a church and society that must redefine itself in a technologized world through transparency and inclusion.