Constructed languages

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 94. Chapters: Basic English, Klingon language, Ido, Volapük, International Sign, Voynich manuscript, Glossolalia, International auxiliary language, Tékumel, Lojban grammar, Constructed language, Slovianski, List of constructed languages, Xul Solar, Comparison between Esperanto and Ido, Alien language, Comparison between Esperanto and Interlingua, Boontling, Eskayan language, Experimental language, Neo, Language reform, High Icelandic, Worldlang, Folkspraak, Kesen dialect, Comparison between Ido and Novial, Soundpainting, Lingua Ignota, ISO, SIL, and BCP language codes for constructed languages, Damin, Bolak, List of constructed scripts, Pasilingua, Slovio, Philosophical language, Controlled natural language, Tutonish, Language Creation Society, Sanomi, Dutton Speedwords, Pan-Slavic language, The Lexicon of Comicana, Balaibalan, Bahasa Binan, Engineered language, Francis Lodwick, ConScript Unicode Registry, Zonal constructed language, Lexigram, De Wahl's rule, Yerkish, Sarus, Globish, A priori, Euronord, Kamakawi, A posteriori, Starckdeutsch, Color argument, Timerio, Universalis Lingua Slavica, Mezhdunarodny Nauchny Yazyk, Tunnelspeak, ISO 639:art, Barmoodan, Amiana, Uniala, Universalspraket, Ariana, Espo. Excerpt: Glossolalia or speaking in tongues is the fluid vocalizing (or, less commonly, the writing) of speech-like syllables, often as part of religious practice. The significance of glossolalia has varied with time and place, with some considering it a part of a sacred language. It is most prominently practiced within Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity, but it is practiced in non-Christian religions as well. Others believe that the vocalizations are meaningless and cite hypnosis, mental illness, and social learning as scientific explanations. "Glossolalia" is constructed from the Greek word ¿¿¿ss¿¿ä¿a, itself a compound of the words ¿¿¿ssa (glossa), meaning "tongue" or "language" and ¿ä¿¿ (laleo), "I speak, I talk, I prattle, I make a sound". The Greek expression (in various forms) appears in the New Testament in the books of Acts and 1 Corinthians. "Speaking in tongues" has been used at least since the translation of the New Testament into Middle English in the Wycliffe Bible in the 14th century. Frederic William Farrar first used the word "glossolalia" in 1879. In 1972, William J. Samarin, a linguist from the University of Toronto, published a thorough assessment of Pentecostal glossolalia that became a classic work on its linguistic characteristics. His assessment was based on a large sample of glossolalia recorded in public and private Christian meetings in Italy, Holland, Jamaica, Canada and the USA over the course of five years; his wide range included the Puerto Ricans of the Bronx, the Snake Handlers of the Appalachians, and Russian Molokan in Los Angeles. Samarin found that glossolalic speech does resemble human language in some respects. The speaker uses accent, rhythm, intonation and pauses to break up the speech into distinct units. Each unit is itself made up of syllables, the syllables being formed from consonants and vowels taken from a language known to the speaker: It is verbal behavior that consists of using a certain number of consonants and vowe