Bioprospecting Endophytic Fungi to Enhance the Abiotic Stress

Fungal endophytes grow endosymbiotically inside plants, where some strains promote plant growth and survival under particular abiotic stresses. Different 24 endophytic fungal taxa were isolated from different wild plants (Cakile maritima Velen, Datura metel L., Hyoscyamus muticus L., Artemisia monosperma L., and tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) grow in Arish City, North Sinai. Taxa were examined for abiotic stress tolerance e.g., salt and drought, ability of Plant growth promoting (PGP) traits production e.g., (Phosphate solubilization, Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC), Ammonia, and Hydrocyanic acid (HCN), and also produce extracellular enzymes e.g., amylase, pectinase, chitinase, protease, cellulase, lipase, urease, catalase). Three fungi were showed the highest levels of examinations namely Trichoderma viride, Acremonium strictum, and Aspergillus terreus. These endophytes inoculated in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.H.) by three inoculation methods (seed inoculation, root dipping, leave spray), as leave spray was the most effective inoculation method.