Association of physical and/orcognitive activity with disability:

Engaging in physical activity (PA) and/or cognitive activity (CA) retains function in older adults, but whetherthe combination of these activities is associated with disability onset is still unknown. This study aimed to examine the prospective association of PA and/or CA with disability onset in older adults. This was an ongoing prospective community-based cohort study. Data collection was conducted through a health check. Analyzable sample of 2,668 participants (mean age 75.5 years; 51.6% female) were categorized into fourgroups based on quartile 1 (low) and 2 to 4 (high) values of accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA and CA scale score based on the frequency of six activities including reading, writing for pleasure, doing crossword puzzles, and playing board games or cards. Disability onset was monitored through Long-Term Care Insurance certification for at least two years. Engaging in both PA and CA is effective for reducing risk of disability onset but engaging in either PA or CA is not effective.