Analysis and biological activities of Rose Geranium extracts

Rose Geranium from the Gharb region (Morocco) was extracted by hydrodistillation. The yield of essential oil obtained by this process is about 0.94%. The GC-MS analysis showed that the essential oil is mainly composed of citronellol (21.22%), linalool (15.44%) and geraniol (13.42%). The determination of total polyphenols and flavonoids, performed on these extracts, was determined from the calibration curves of gallic acid and quercetin respectively. The results show that the methanolic extract is richer in polyphenols and flavonoids than the aqueous extract. The evaluation of the antioxidant power of our extracts, performed by DPPH reduction method, showed that the methanolic extract was the most active. The antibacterial effect was determined by Muller-Hinton agar diffusion method for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomanas aeuroginosa bacteria. The results obtained show that the essential oil and the hydrosol of Rose Geranium are active towards E.coli and S.aureus with zones of inhibition included between 10 and 14 mm.