Adenomas-Morphology and Pathogenesis with Clinical Aspects

Adenoma represents as a benign neoplasm of glandular origin engendered from glandular epithelial tissue as the adrenal gland, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, prostate, gastrointestinal tract or diverse glandular articulations. Gastrointestinal tract adenoma may expand into gastrointestinal lumen, designated as adenomatous polyp or polypoid adenoma. Gastric adenoma emerges as an exophytic, polypoid or dysplastic epithelial lesion with outpouchings into gastrointestinal lumen, commonly arises within foci of mucosal injury and manifests as a direct precursor lesion of gastric adenocarcinoma. Colonic adenomas may be preponderantly managed with endoscopic tissue sampling or endoscopic mucosal resection. Total colectomy is mandated in instances with malignant metamorphosis or regional lymph node metastasis.