{"product_id":"towards-democratic-neighborhoods-von-ching-miao","title":"Towards Democratic Neighborhoods","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis study analyzes a new phenomenon emerging in urban neighbourhoods in China ¿ bottom-up citizen engagement¿including the direct election of community representatives, rights talk and the creation of rules for self-direction. The study looks at how the new values have emerged and the historical and contextual factors that have driven their development. A multi-level analysis was employed in combining a socio-cultural analysis with an empirical examination, including the results of a quantitative survey of residents of several Beijing neighbourhoods.  The new value is an unprecedented development in Chinese culture in contrast with the traditional top-down discourse. The empirical data also reveal that factors such as age, levels of education, or residence in a certain type of community structure influence whether or not an individual is likely to engage in bottom-up participation. People¿s awareness of the option of citizen engagement is gradual and cumulative, but indigenous resources for developing a democratic neighbourhood are increasing, as more people become property owners and have the opportunity to travel to other countries where citizen engagement is more common.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783838305783\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eThe Emergence of Bottom-up Citizen Engagement in Urban China\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Autorenwelt Shop","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9783838305783","offer_id":39469263552605,"sku":"9783838305783","price":79.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/cd179c78-4db9-4c17-b556-66a9900f8059.jpg?v=1776057176","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/products\/towards-democratic-neighborhoods-von-ching-miao","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}