{"product_id":"the-vowel-and-diphthong-system-in-scottish-standard-english-von-annett-grafe","title":"The vowel and diphthong system in scottish standard english","description":"\u003cp\u003eSeminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, http:\/\/www.uni-jena.de\/ (Institut für Anglistik\/Amerikanistik), course: Local and Global Varieties of English, language: English, abstract: The paper analyzes the Scottish Standard English vowel and diphthong system and especially the application of Aitken's law and vowel lengthening before postvocalic \/r\/. The paper includes a brief history of the development of SSE, a detailed discussion of the SSE vowel and diphthong system, the analysis of speakers of SSE (using words from Well's lexical set), and a discussion of vowel lengthening in SSE. Scotland is a region where language experienced many changes in the historical\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003edevelopment. A standard form of English has only been spoken there for roughly three\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ecenturies. Before English was established Celtic languages such as Gaelic and Old Norse\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ewere spoken in most of today¿s Scotland. From the 14th century onwards a form of English\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ederiving from a northern English accent was established in Scotland. This form was called\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eScots. Gaelic and Scots both survived until today. Especially Scots had a big influence on\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ewhat today is called Scottish Standard English. Due to all the different historical\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003edevelopments and influences and a strong national consciousness and awareness the Scottish\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eform of Standard English, which is ¿pronounced with a Scottish accent and retained a few\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003escotticisms in vocabulary¿ (Wells 1995: 394), has attained a status quite unique amongst the\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEnglish varieties.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe special phonological system contributes largely to this uniqueness. In SSE one can\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003efind phonetic realizations found nowhere else in other accents of English. One such\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ephenomenon is the variation of vowel duration according to the phonetic environment. The\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003erule describing this special feature of Scottish speech is called Aitken¿s Law or the Scottish\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eVowel Length Rule. This rule was depicted (cf. Trudgill and Hannah 1994, Hansen et al.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e1996) as affecting all vowels except \/I\/ and \/V\/. Wells (1995: 401) talks about the possibility\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ethat the SVLR might only affect certain vowels for some speakers of SSE. Recent research by\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eScobbie et al. (1999), seems to confirm this notion for SSE in general.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe aim of this paper is to give a general overview of the vowel and diphthong system of\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSSE followed by a discussion of the ¿classical¿ SVLR and the results of the new research.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis is going to be framed by short discussion of the historical development of the languages\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003espoken in Scotland and by a final speculation of how Scottish speech is going to develop in\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ethe future.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783640568598\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Libri","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9783640568598","offer_id":39441605623901,"sku":"9783640568598","price":17.95,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/769ad902-7ada-45b7-9088-bf66cecfaac0.jpg?v=1777696127","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/products\/the-vowel-and-diphthong-system-in-scottish-standard-english-von-annett-grafe","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}